District and sub-district analysis of cryptococcal antigenaemia prevalence and specimen positivity in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a leading cause of mortality among HIV-positive South Africans.Reflex cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) testing of remnant plasma was offered as a pilot prior to implementation in October 2016 in KwaZulu-Natal province.The national reflex CrAg positivity was 5.4% compared to 7.3% for KwaZulu-Natal.Objectives: T

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Policies restricting flavors and non-cigarette tobacco product availability: A study of vape shops in San Francisco and Alameda Counties, California, USA

We examined flavored non-cigarette tobacco availability in brick-and-mortar vape shops in San Francisco (SF) and Alameda Counties, California (USA), comparing cities organized by flavored tobacco sales restriction policy.A total of 22 brick-and-mortar vape shops were identified and audited in October-November 2019; shops were located in SF City-Cou

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